Program Guidelines
The mission of the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE) is to ensure that every learner has access to a world-class education system that academically prepares children and adults to succeed as productive citizens. To fulfill that mission, it is critical that educators enter classrooms across the Commonwealth equipped with the knowledge they need to meet students where they are.
The Common Ground[1] Framework includes three sets of competencies—Cultural Awareness, Trauma-Aware, Mental Health and Wellness, and Technological and Virtual Engagement—for teacher training, both preparation and professional development, to provide educators with the skills and approaches that will enable them to better serve learners from all walks of life. (See. 22 Pa. Code § 49.1, 49.14(4)(i), 49.16(c), 49.17(a)(6)). The Department hereby rescinds the previously issued Culturally-Relevant and Sustaining Education (“CR-SE”) Program Framework Guidelines. This framework replaces and updates the previously issued Culturally-Relevant and Sustaining Education (“CR-SE”) Program Framework Guidelines.[2] .
This includes learners from varying socio-economic backgrounds and those with different abilities and is an effort to create an inclusive learning environment for all students. It also provides guidance to help educators handle issues related to mental wellness, trauma informed approaches to instruction, engagement with technological and virtual strategies, and myriad other factors that can inhibit student success in the classroom if unaddressed.
The Department encourages, but does not require, school entities to incorporate the attached Common Ground Framework Program Guidelines into their Continuing Professional Development plans. The Department will continue to evaluate induction and professional development plans pursuant to the requirements of 22 Pa. Code §§ 49.16(c) & 49.17(a)(6), and it offers this Common Ground Framework as a helpful guideline to school districts in their compliance with those requirements. However, each school entity should consult with its Solicitor regarding its particular legal obligations.
Common Ground is designed to help educators to better understand and relate to students experiencing homelessness and food insecurity, military-connected students and their families, students who have experienced trauma, students with disabilities or special needs, children of migratory seasonal farm workers, and more. Regulations adopted by the State Board of Education in 2022 required PDE to identify competencies and develop associated standards for educator training in culturally relevant and sustaining education. The Common Ground Framework was developed in 2024 to provide updated guidance.
The framework was developed in response to regulations adopted by the State Board of Education in 2022.
[1] “Common Ground” refers to the Department’s term that encompasses the State Board required Culturally Relevant and Sustaining Education competencies and standards defined in 22 Pa. Code 49.1 and established for use in teacher preparation, induction and professional development pursuant to 22 Pa. Code § 49.14(4)(i), 49.16(c), 49.17(a)(6).
[2] School entities (public schools, school districts, intermediate units, area career and technical schools, charter schools, cyber schools, and independent schools) have no legal obligation to implement or comply with the CR-SE Program Framework Guidelines, although induction and professional education plans must continue to comply with applicable regulations concerning CR-SE.
Examples of Considerations for Professional Development
The effects of poverty, including limited resources, limited support at home, Adverse Childhood Events (ACES), etc., may impact a student’s access to required school supplies, opportunities to participate in extra-curricular activities, attendance at PTO activities that are not free, access to book fairs, transportation to and from after school and athletic events, transiency, etc.
Students rising early to perform early morning farm-related chores may benefit from a mid-morning snack, may suffer with endurance issues toward the end of the school day, and may have decreased attendance during the harvest season.
Family member deployments may impact students’ social-emotional well-being. Also, the transiency of military life can affect students’ sense of belonging by frequently adjusting to new schools, as well as create barriers for families as they try to learn what resources are available to them.
Providing assistance and understanding of the process families go through to access affordable housing can help families obtain a basic need (i.e., how to apply for housing with government assistance).
Should an LEA have a high homeless population, the causes and consequences of homelessness (i.e., causes, experiences a child may face, challenges with acquiring an income, hunger/nutrition, poverty cycle, effects on child development, trauma and emotional wellness, transiency, etc.) are important to identify to assist the students and families.
Best practices surrounding communication and engagement with families will help to ensure families are supporting their children. This could include assisting individuals with communication disabilities and the use of translation services.
Identifying and understanding trauma and the effects trauma can have on students social-emotional and academic needs is important to ensure students’ needs are being met. An LEA located close to an environment where many families may have experienced trauma could personalize this based upon any recent or historical events including cultural and racial trauma exposure.
Students with disabilities may encounter barriers that affect their access to education and inclusion within the school community. For example, a student with mobility impairments may struggle with navigating inaccessible school buildings and may require specialized transportation services to ensure school attendance. Additionally, students with learning disabilities may face challenges in accessing and understanding materials that are not tailored to their needs. These students would benefit from teachers who implement inclusive teaching practices, such as providing alternative formats for materials, ensuring physical accessibility of school facilities, and fostering a supportive and accepting school culture here students of all abilities feel valued and included.
Understanding the challenges of digital or broadband accessibility for students from low-income or rural families is crucial. Many students do not have reliable access to high-speed internet or necessary digital devices at home, which can hinder their ability to complete online assignments, access educational resources, or participate in virtual classes. Providing support such as loaner laptops, access to WiFi hotspots, or partnering with local organizations to offer affordable internet options can help bridge this digital divide. Additionally, creating digital materials and platforms that are accessible to students with disabilities, such as screen reader compatibility and captioning for videos, ensures inclusivity for all learners.
Cultural Awareness Competencies
Standard | Description |
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CA1.A | Reflect on personal life experiences and relationships within their community (race, skin color, ethnicity, gender identity, age, nationality, language, class, economic status, ability, level of education, sexual orientation, and religion). |
CA1.B | Understand individuals can unintentionally adopt societal biases that can shape the nature of their interactions with groups and individuals. |
CA1.C | Engage in critical conversations to be aware of conscious/unconscious biases, stereotypes, and prejudice. |
CA1.D | Reflect on how to meet the needs of each learner. |
Standard | Description |
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CA2.A | Identify possible cultural biases in the educational system. |
CA2.B | Understand the importance of differences in marginalized learners and historically underrepresented groups (such as race, skin color, ethnicity, gender identity, age, nationality, language, class, economic status, ability, sexual orientation, and religion). |
CA2.C | Identify literature and professional learning opportunities to understand the biases that can result in disadvantaging learners, educators, educational leaders, and families. |
CA2.D | Identify and make efforts to remove bias in teaching materials, assignments, curriculum, and other educational services. |
CA2.E | Recognize institutional biases and their consequences. |
CA2.F | Identify institutional practices, policies, and norms that may be harmful by advocating and engaging in efforts to rewrite policies, change practices, and raise awareness. |
Standard | Description |
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CA3.A | Recognize the experiences of learners, educators, educational leaders, families, and caregivers and the diverse knowledge they bring into educational spaces. |
CA3.B | Integrate multiple perspectives into learning experiences and interactions that capitalize on learners’ experiences, identities, and heritage. |
CA3.C | Recognize that learners are connected to local and global communities and events that influence and impact learning, relationships, and the understanding of institutions and society. |
CA3.D | Analyze their own beliefs, attitudes, assumptions, and behaviors regarding the knowledge and backgrounds of social groups, thinking critically about the nuances of culture, identity, and other social markers, and how they manifest themselves in curricula and other educational materials. |
CA3.E | Design learning experiences and spaces for learners to identify and question economic, political, and social structures that may exist in the school, community, nation, and world. |
CA3.F | Provide rigorous learning experiences and relevant projects in culturally supportive spaces that integrate advocacy skills, listening and thinking, collaboration, resource gathering, and strategic actions. |
Standard | Description |
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CA4.A | Design instruction and assessments to ensure all learners have equitable access to educational resources, experiences, and opportunities. |
CA4.B | Create an equitable learning environment by challenging and debunking stereotypes and biases about the intelligence, academic ability, and behavior of historically marginalized learners, educators, educational leaders, families, and caregivers (race, skin color, ethnicity, gender identity, age, nationality, language, class, economic status, ability, level of education, sexual orientation, and religion). |
CA4.C | Utilize differentiated methods of communication to articulate clear expectations aligned with the ability of each learner, which allows them to demonstrate knowledge through differentiated modalities. |
CA4.D | Create multiple pathways and opportunities for students to achieve academic and social success. |
Standard | Description |
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CA5.A | Recognize and reflect on diversity as an asset to the entire learning community. |
CA5.B | Recognize and acknowledge the cultural, racial, and linguistic differences of learners, educators, educational leaders, and families (race, skin color, ethnicity, gender identity, age, nationality, language, class, economic status, ability, level of education, sexual orientation, and religion). |
CA5.C | Assess how learners from different backgrounds experience the environment and encourage them to reflect on their own experiences with bias. |
CA5.D | Exhibit sensitivity to the ways learners, educators, educational leaders, families, and caregivers (race, skin color, ethnicity, gender identity, age, nationality, language, class, economic status, ability, level of education, sexual orientation, and religion) experience social and academic spaces. |
CA5.E | Assist learners in valuing their own and others' cultures and help them develop a sense of responsibility for recognizing, responding to, and addressing bias, discrimination, injustice, and bullying. |
Standard | Description |
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CA6.A | Recognize that every family/caregiver, regardless of their differences (race, skin color, ethnicity, gender identity, age, nationality, language, class, economic status, ability, level of education, sexual orientation, and religion) want the best for their children. |
CA6.B | Acknowledge the cultural aspects of the community as an extension of their teaching spaces. |
CA6.C | Identify parents/caregivers as assets and resources. |
CA6.D | Understand the nuances of diverse families and the wide range of factors that shape how families interact with educators and schools. |
CA6.E | Identify systems, structures, practices, and policies that exclude marginalized learners and historically underrepresented groups (race, skin color, ethnicity, gender identity, age, nationality, language, class, economic status, ability, level of education, sexual orientation, and religion). |
CA6.F | View family and community engagement as a priority. |
Standard | Description |
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CA7.A | Recognize the ways in which culture influences verbal and nonverbal communication. |
CA7.B | Employ diverse channels to communicate with families in their first language. |
CA7.C | Acknowledge the first language of learners and their families. |
CA7.D | Recognize the multi-dialectical nature of language in American society and the social constructs of different dialects, including learners’ natural ways of talking. |
CA7.E | Understand that all learners have a choice and a right to practice the language(s) of their culture. |
Standard | Description |
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CA8.A | Understand the importance of having high expectations for all learners. |
CA8.B | Communicate expectations and a clear framework for all learners, which clarify and articulate the standards to which they are being held. |
CA8.C | Foster positive learning spaces that nurture creativity, build high self-esteem, support agency, and lead to self-actualization for all learners. |
CA8.D | Understand that learners have the right and are capable of contributing to their own learning. |
CA8.E | Develop authentic relationships with learners. |
CA8.F | Recognize the integral role parents/caregivers play in their students’ education and work closely with them to set mutually agreed-upon goals and devise a plan for accountability that is supported by all individuals. |
Standard | Description |
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CA9.A | Recognize comments or actions that subtly and often unconsciously or unintentionally express a prejudiced attitude and take steps to educate oneself about the subtle, unintentional ways in which these may be used to harm and invalidate others. |
CA9.B | Identify and self-assess the impact of the various types of comments or actions that subtly and often unconsciously or unintentionally express a prejudiced attitude and the specific communities and subgroups harmed by these practices. |
CA9.C | Research and reflect upon the long-term impact of unchecked comments or actions that subtly and often unconsciously or unintentionally express a prejudiced attitude on the mental and emotional health of marginalized and historically underrepresented learners, educators, educational leaders, and parents/caregivers (race, skin color, ethnicity, gender identity, age, nationality, language, class, economic status, ability, level of education, sexual orientation, and religion). |
CA9.D | Understand the relationship between impact and intent. |
CA9.E | Create learning communities and spaces that are inclusive and free of negative comments or actions that subtly and often unconsciously or unintentionally express a prejudiced attitude. |
CA9.F | Engage in affirming and reflexive practices that validate others. |
Trauma-Aware Mental Health and Wellness Competencies
Standard | Description |
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TA1.A | Understand that there are many types of trauma including individual, family, group, community trauma, and mass trauma. |
TA1.B | Differentiate between trauma and trauma exposure and the risk factors associated with higher rates of trauma exposure in specific communities including individual and community risk and protective factors. |
TA1.C | Provide relevant trauma prevalence data pertaining to adverse childhood experiences and adverse community experiences that demonstrate the impact of trauma and adversity for individuals and families. |
TA1.D | Examine how ACEs related to the household, environment, and individual factors interconnect in individuals' lives, impacting families, communities, organizations, and the educational system through the lens of Social Determinates of Health (SDOH). |
TA1.E | Identify common signs and symptoms of trauma in students across different age groups, considering cultural and individual variations. |
TA1. F | Identify common signs and symptoms of mental health conditions and their symptoms, across different age groups, considering cultural and individual variations |
TA1.G | Explain the interconnection of trauma-informed care values and how they support students, staff, and families. |
Standard | Description |
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TA2. A | Recognize the long-lasting consequences of trauma in the developing years including the impact on students’ neurology, learning, and worldview. |
TA2.B | Describe the different ways trauma can manifest academically, behaviorally, emotionally, and socially in the classroom. |
TA2.C | Describe the link between adverse childhood experiences and increased rates of mental health disorders in youth and adults. |
TA2.D | Analyze the connection between trauma and learning difficulties, attention problems, hyperactivity, and withdrawal. |
TA2.E | Explain the potential for secondary traumatic stress or compassion fatigue among educators who work with traumatized students. |
TA2.F | Identify the impact of student trauma on staff well-being, morale, and job satisfaction and the school climate. |
TA2.G | Explain how student trauma behaviors can lead to a chain reaction of increased classroom disruptions, disciplinary actions, and absenteeism, ultimately impacting school climate, teacher effectiveness, and student achievement. |
TA2.H | Explain the key assumptions in a trauma-informed setting (i.e. Four R's of realize, recognize, respond and resist retraumatication) and how a focus on this impacts development of policies and procedures in a school system. |
Standard | Description |
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TA3.A | Develop practices that promote a sense of belonging and connection within the classroom setting. |
TA3.B | Develop lesson plans and activities that build upon identified student strengths and encourage growth. |
TA3.C | Select and implement age-appropriate social and emotional learning activities and strategies. |
TA3.D | Integrate social and emotional learning skills (e.g. problem-solving, communication, self-awareness, relationship building) into existing curriculum. |
TA3.E | Identify and model techniques for managing emotions, coping with stress, and regulating the nervous system. |
TA3.F | Recognize changes in student behavior, mood, and performance that may be an early warning sign for mental health concerns. |
TA3.G | Understand the importance of collaborating with parents, school- based mental health professionals, and community resources to support students. |
TA3.H | Recognize how cultural backgrounds can influence experiences of trauma and identify appropriate supports. |
TA3.I | Demonstrate knowledge of self-care practices to manage stress and maintain professional boundaries with students and families by creating a self-care plan. |
Standard | Description |
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TA4.A | Understand dimensions of wellness, including emotional, physiological, psychological, physical, and social wellness. |
TA4.B | Identify ways to create a safe and inclusive classroom atmosphere where students feel comfortable discussing mental health. |
TA4.C | Demonstrate ability to teach and model stress management techniques to students (e.g. deep breathing, mindfulness, grounding, relaxation exercises). |
Standard | Description |
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TA5.A | Develop strategies to create a classroom environment that feels physically and psychologically safe with clear routines and expectations. |
TA5.B | Identify how building trusting and supportive relationships by demonstrating empathy and compassion in interactions with students and families fosters a sense of belonging and connection. |
TA5.C | Explain how creating a sense of belonging in a classroom, increases perceptions of safety and improves student and staff cognitive processing and learning. |
TA5.D | Use activities and strategies that help students develop skills to manage emotions, cope with stress, and regulate their nervous system. |
TA5.E | Describe how to modify instruction and assessments to be sensitive to the needs of students who have experienced trauma. |
TA5.F | Discuss reasons why negative consequences and punishment are not effective approaches for changing challenging behaviors and how using these approaches impacts the relationship building process. |
TA5.G | Discuss components of alternative discipline approaches and how they are effective at changing behaviors. |
Standard | Description |
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TA6.A | Explain how trauma can contribute to chronic absenteeism and negatively impact student achievement |
TA6.B | Discuss the importance of addressing the root causes of absenteeism, including potential trauma experiences. |
TA6.C | Explain how student trauma can create challenges for teacher effectiveness and classroom management. |
TA6.D | Discuss the potential for compassion fatigue and secondary traumatic stress among educators. |
TA6.E | Analyze how traditional disciplinary approaches might be ineffective for students impacted by trauma. |
TA6.F | Analyze how all these factors (classroom disruptions, disciplinary issues, absenteeism, and teacher stress) contribute to decreased student achievement. |
Standard | Description |
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TA7.A | Define self-care, community self-care, and organizational self-care. |
TA7.B | Identify the signs of burnout and stress and understand the impact on teaching performance and personal stress. |
TA7.C | Create a self-care plan, utilizing a self-assessment of self-care practices, that includes specific strategies based on individually identified needs and preferences for self-care (e.g. mindfulness, exercise, work-life balance, nature). |
TA7.D | Develop skills to recognize and process emotions effectively, including ways to manage stress and anxiety in work and personal life (e.g. grounding, deep breathing, neutralizing routines). |
TA7.E | Explain the importance of professional relationships on the development of professional resiliency. |
TA7.F | Identify signs that professional support is necessary for mental health. |
Technological and Virtual Engagement* **
*ISTE copyright citation
Adapted in part from ISTE Standards for Educators 2024, ©2024, ISTE® (International Society for Technology in Education), iste.org. All rights reserved.
**DigComEdu Framework citation
Adapted in part from DigCompEdu Framework
Standard | Description |
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TVE1.A | Use digital technologies to enhance organizational communication with learners, parents, and third parties. |
TVE1.B | Use digital technologies to engage in collaboration with other educators and to collaboratively innovate pedagogical practices. |
TVE1.C | Assess and reflect on one's own digital pedagogical practice and that of one's educational community. |
Standard | Description |
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TVE2. A | Identify, assess, and select digital resources for teaching and learning, considering the specific learning objective, context, pedagogical approach, and learner group when selecting digital resources and planning their use. |
TVE2.B | Create or co-create new digital educational resources and/or modify and build upon existing openly-licensed resources and other resources where it is permitted. |
TVE2.C | Organize digital content and make it available to learners, parents, and other educators, while effectively protecting sensitive digital content and understanding the application of privacy and copyright rules. |
Standard | Description |
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TVE3.A | Plan for and implement digital devices and resources in the teaching process to enhance the effectiveness of teaching, learning, and interventions. Experiment with and develop new formats and pedagogical methods for instruction. |
TVE3.B | Use digital technologies and services to enhance interaction with learners and offer timely and targeted guidance and assistance. |
TVE3.C | Use digital technologies to foster and enhance learner collaboration. |
Standard | Description |
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TVE4.A | Use digital technologies for formative and summative assessment and enhance the diversity and suitability of assessment formats and approaches. Generate, select, critically analyze, and interpret digital evidence on learner performance/ progress to inform teaching and learning. |
TVE4.B | Use digital technologies to provide targeted and timely feedback to learners and adapt teaching strategies to provide targeted support. |
Standard | Description |
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TVE5.A | Develop plans to ensure equitable accessibility and inclusion of learning resources and activities to all learners. |
TVE5.B | Use digital technologies to address learners' diverse learning needs and allow for individual learning pathways and objectives. |
TVE5.C | Use digital technologies to foster learners' active and creative engagement with subject matter. |
Standard | Description |
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TVE6.A | Create learning activities, assignments, and assessments which require learners to articulate information needs; find information and resources in digital environments; organize, process, analyze and interpret information; and compare and critically evaluate the credibility and reliability of information and its sources. |
TVE6.B | Create learning activities, assignments, and assessments that require learners to effectively and responsibly use digital technologies for communication, collaboration, and civic participation. |
TVE6.C | Design lessons to ensure learners are competent in safe, legal, and ethical practices that apply to digital content. |
TVE6.D | Create learning activities, assignments, and assessments which require learners to identify and solve technical problems and/or transfer technological knowledge creatively to new situations. |