Restrictions for Minors
(Students Under Age 18)
The student selected by a supervisor after interviews may be a minor. It is important to be prepared for the following legal restrictions identified in the state Child Labor Act. An intern’s work schedule should be discussed by the supervisor and the school’s internship coordinator when the student receives a formal offer of employment.
The Abstract of Hours Provisions must be posted in a conspicuous place with all other HR/legal postings in any work unit where high school interns will be employed.
Permitted work hours/durations for a minor:
- Up to 28 hours per week during the school term
- Up to 37.5/40 hours per week during school vacation/breaks
- Cannot work between 12 Midnight and 6 a.m.
- Review the Abstract for further details
- No requirement for minimum number of hours.
A recommendation is a shift of at least 3 hours for each day of work, to allow for a meaningful shift.
Some occupational duties are prohibited or limited for interns to safeguard the health and lives of minors by state and federal child labor laws. The laws especially pertain to trades, equipment/machinery, materials/substances, physical/manual labor duties, and hazardous duties. However, various other occupational areas are referenced too, such as food service for example.
All supervisors and HR staff should review the following resources to determine if the planned high school internship duties are prohibited, limited, or have exceptions:
The PA Prohibited Occupations List specifies occupational duties that require students to be in vo-tech (career & technical center) and considered "student learners." The vo-tech requirement is designated by an asterisk (*) throughout the list, and is explained on Page 6.
When a vo-tech requirement is specified, an Additional Requirement must be included on the job posting. The recommended language is: "Must be a vo-tech (career and technical center) student in an approved cooperative vocational training program that has prepared the student for the duties and the description of work described in this posting."
Additional resources for child labor laws:
- Code of Federal Regulations (Title 29, Ch V, Parts 570.50 - 570.68)
- PA Code Title 34 (Chapter 11)
- PA Child Labor Act (Sections 4 & 5)
- Federal Fact Sheet #43,
- PA Bureau of Labor Law Compliance (Dept of L&I)
- U.S. Dept of Labor.
For questions and assistance, the supervisor and HR Liaison are encouraged to contact the agency's legal office or the PA Department of Labor & Industry, Bureau of Labor Law Compliance, at 717.705.5969 or via email.
Get Started
We partnered with the Department of Education to create the required forms for Commonwealth High School Interns. Only these forms are accepted for the program; agency-specific or school forms are not allowed.
- Training Plan – Outlines the student’s training activities and educational goals during the internship.
- Statement of Responsibilities – Details the roles of the supervisor, student, and school throughout the internship.
- Student Performance Evaluation – Must be completed at least once during the internship to assess the student's progress and development.
HR Staff Resources
- Abbreviated Instructions
- Job Posting Form - Sample
- Job Posting Form - Additional Information (Word Document Download)
- Sample Letter of Recommendation from School
- Abstract of the Child Labor Act Hours Provisions - Must be posted in a conspicuous place where any person under age 18 is employed.
Intern Supervisor Resources
- High School Internships Supervisor Checklist
- High School Internships Supervisor Overview
- Sample Interview Questions for Supervisors
- Workers’ Compensation Proof of Insurance Information for Supervisors
- Conditional Job Offer Script (5/26/21) for Supervisors
- FAQs for Supervisors
- Prohibited Occupations for Minors under Child Labor Act - Review each school year. Please see "Restrictions for Minors" above for additional details.