Outbuildings and Other Structures

Bake Oven: While a bake oven was sometimes incorporated into the summer kitchen, it can also appear as free-standing building constructed specifically for baking.  Bake ovens were usually made of brick and when visible from the exterior appear as large, rounded objects next to a gable end brick chimney.  

Bake oven attached to a summer kitchen, circa 1830, Jackson Township, Lebanon County.

Butcher House: A butcher house is a small rectangular outbuilding with windows, comparable in size to a summer kitchen, used for the cutting, packaging and processing of meats. They are usually of frame construction, one-story height and with a gable roof.  The entrance is usually in the gable end and some butcher houses have chimneys to accommodate a stove or set-kettle for meat processing.  Most identified Butcher Houses date from circa 1875 to the mid-20th century and are most commonly found in the North, West Branch and Great Valley agricultural regions. More finely finished Butcher Houses might have served a retail function for the sale of meat products.

Butcher house with chimney, circa 1925, Heidelberg Township, Lehigh County.

Cider House: A cider house is a building where a cider press would be stored and operated.  Usually located along the roadside so that wagons could deliver apples easily, cider houses have large doors often found in the eave side. Sometimes a stationary steam engine was located outside the barn to operate the press using belts. As the press squeezed the juice out of the apples, it was poured into containers, often wooden barrels.

Cider House, circa 1945, Lackawanna County.

Combination Structure:  Often a single outbuilding will incorporate several specific usages as a Combination Structure.  Often seen combinations include summer kitchen/smokehouse, summer kitchen/spring house, summer kitchen/bake oven, wood house/smokehouse, corncrib/machine shed or hog house/chicken coop. Combining functions in one structure was economical   and could also be a clue to changing farming practices or crops over time.

Combination Spring House and Summer Kitchen, circa 1875, Adams County.

Cook House: A cook house is a small building where cooking was done for field hands. It is different from a summer kitchen due to its location on the farm, its occasional portability and association with farmhands or migrant workers. Cook houses are most commonly found in the Potter County Potato Region and seldom seen elsewhere in the state. In Potter County documented examples were found near the migrant workers quarters or in fields.  A stovepipe opening at the gable end opposite the entrance indicates the location of the stove.

Cook house, circa 1945 - 1960, Snowman Road, Potter County.

Dry House: A dryhouse is a small structure fitted with interior racks, shelves or drawers and a small stove for the drying of fruits and vegetables.  Dryhouses are usually situated near the farmhouse, but they are not widespread in the state. Associated with the PA German culture, they are more likely to be found in areas with a strong link to that ethnic group. Replica Dryhouses have been reconstructed at the Landis Valley Museum and the Alexander Schaeffer homestead in Shaefferstown.

Dryhouse showing drawers, Warrenton Township, York County, c. 1850.

Fruit Cold Storage:  In fruit growing areas, Cold Storage buildings were constructed to extend the usability of the fruit into the winter months. Prior to the development of mechanical refrigeration in the mid-20th century, air cooled or common storage prevailed. Storage cellars were often built into the ground with thing masonry walls to take advantage of constant cooler temperatures. Some Cold Storage buildings contained ice rooms usually located in a chamber above the fruit storage space.

Banked apple cold storage building, circa 1925, Adams County.

Ice House: An ice house is an insulated structure used for the storage of ice prior to the development of electrical refrigeration. Usually small, one-story buildings of wood or stone construction, ice houses had thick walls, and often had roof top ventilators or ventilating louvers in the gable peak.  Sawdust was used as an insulating material in the walls of frame ice houses. Ice houses were often sited near a pond or creek, or other source of ice/ This outbuilding can be found throughout the state.

Ice house, circa 1910, Centre County.

Milk House: A Milk House is a small, one-story structure built for the purpose of isolating fresh milk from possible contaminants in the barn environment. Public health laws in the early 20th century mandated that milk be stored in a sanitary and separate area from the barn prior to transport to market.  Consequently, many Milk Houses were built in this era usually of concrete block, either attached to the main barn or as stand-alone buildings.  The federal government provided plans like the ones shown below published by the USDA in 1929.  Due to the adoption of standardized plans, there are few regional variants.   Milk Houses represent the shift from on-site butter making to the sale of fluid milk and can be found throughout the state.

Milk house of hollow tile, circa 1930, Washington Township, Franklin County.

Potato Storage Cellar: A Potato Storage Cellar is a large specialized root cellar specifically designed to store potatoes. Deeply built into to the ground for cold storage, the roof of the Potato Storage Cellar extends just a few feet above grade. Most Potato storage Cellars date from the early 20th century when growing a commercial potato crop became a large scale enterprise. Potato Storage Cellars can be found in much of the state but are most numerous in the potato regions of Lehigh and Potter Counties. Earlier smaller scale Potato Storage Cellars are taller and more closely resemble other farm outbuildings.

Potato Storage Cellar, mid-20th century, Potter County.

Root Cellar: A Root Cellar is a below ground excavation, sometimes vaulted, often floored with stone for the cold storage of food.  Underground storage provided a year-round temperature of about 50-55 degrees F. Root Cellars range in size from three- or four-feet square to several times that size. Often Root Cellars are located near the farmhouse, but they may also be found next to the barn.  Occasionally, Root Cellars were occasionally attached to either the house or the barn.  Root Cellars were constructed and used from the 18th century into the era of refrigeration.

Root Cellar, Phillip Erpff House, Schaefferstown, Lebanon County.

Smokehouse: A Smokehouse is a small, usually one-story, structure used for the smoking of meats.  Built of brick, stone, log or frame, they have no chimney and no windows. Smoke was contained within the building to permeate and thus preserve the meats hung on hooks inside. Smokehouses were usually located near the house and summer kitchen.  Smokehouses are very common in the parts of the state with heavy German settlement due to their association with Pennsylvania Dutch foodways and abundant use of pork products. Smokehouses were most common in the period from early settlement to 1930 when other forms of preserving meats became possible due to electrification and refrigeration.

Brick Smokehouse, circa 1860, Lebanon County.

Springhouse: A Springhouse is a masonry or frame structure built into the bank directly over a spring or running stream. Some springhouses have a second story for storage, dairy processing or even residential quarters. Springhouses provided both fresh water and a cool storage space and usually featured stone-lined channels or tanks. Milk and other perishable foods would be placed on interior shelves for cooling. Butter churning often took place in or near the Springhouse. Springhouses were more common in areas with high butter production.  Willow trees and other plants seeking wet locations often mark their location.  

Spring house, Huntington Township, Adams County, c. 1875.

Summer Kitchen: A Summer Kitchen is a small, rectangular, usually gable-roofed building used for cooking and located close to the farmhouse.  Summer kitchens kept the heat and smells from cooking and food processing out of the living quarters.  Highly productive farms led to greater food diversification and the need for ample space for pickling, canning, drying and smoking.  While detached kitchens have been a European cultural practice for centuries, the term "Summer Kitchen" came into common use in Pennsylvania in the mid-19th century and remaining examples date mostly from 1850 to circa 1930 period. The term is also associated with PA German culture but is not used exclusively in that context.   Summer Kitchens have chimney or stovepipe, cookstove and abundant windows to permit natural light into the workspace. They are most frequently built of frame, but can also be of stone, brick or log. Some feature a cupola with a dinner bell on the roof ridge or an attached bake oven adjacent to the chimney.   

Summer Kitchen with spring house below, circa 1860-1880, Wilmington Township, Mercer County.

Corn Crib: A Corn Crib is a small storage facility for holding and drying ears of field corn which is used for animal feed.  It may be a standalone structure or attached to another building. Wood is the most common construction material, but some earlier log examples can be found.  Corn Cribs are constructed with open horizontal slats for ventilation and a raised wood floor for protection from rodents. Flared keystone shaped Corn Cribs are common with slanted sides to shed water and prevent the corn from settling on the bottom. Once machine-milled, beveled boards became available, corn cribs tended to feature straight, not flared sides.  Hatches in the roof were used for the filling of Corn Cribs and doors at the bottom of the cribs were used for unloading. Wire mesh on the interior provided added protection from vermin. When incorporated into the design of another building, Corn Cribs usually appear as shed roof extensions.

Manufactured corn cribs were produced in the early 20th century, but not during World War II due to metal shortages. After the war, round metal cribs with conical roofs became popular again. In the mid-1950s technological advances made Corn Cribs less common, utilizing combines to shell corn in the field.  Corn cribs can be found throughout the state, but they are more common in the North and West Branch Region and the Central Limestone Valleys Region.  Corn Cribs found in the Norther Tier Grasslands Region tend to be of later date since field corn was not grown there until modern hybrids became available. Corn Cribs signify the high importance of field corn in a diversified grain and livestock economy.  

Log Corn Crib, circa 1850, Heidelberg Township, Lehigh County.

Mass-produced metal corn crib, circa 1920-1940, Lower Windsor Township, York County.

Grain Bin: Grain Bins are storage structures to house loose grain, usually corn, under controlled condition. They are usually solid metal cylinders with conical roofs built after 1960. Frequently fan vents and pipes for loading appear at the roof of the Grain Bin. 

Grain Bins, late 20th century, Lebanon County.

Granary: A Granary is a structure for the storage of threshed grain. Whether grown as a cash crop or for animal feed, small grains -- principally wheat, oats, barley and rye --were a valuable component of a diversified farm's mix of products. A Granary is usually of wood construction with tightly fitting boards, few or no windows, and a gable end entrance. Interior partitions form separate storage bins on either side of a central walkway. Granaries are usually elevated to deter rodents.

Freestanding granaries are common throughout the state, but integral granaries can also be found in many barn interiors, especially in Pennsylvania Barns.      

Granary, circa 1900-1925, Osceola Township, Tioga County.

Granary interior showing passageway and grain bins, circa 1875, Lynn Township, Lehigh County.

Hay Drying Shed: Hay Drying Sheds date from the mid-20th century and utilize electrically powered machinery for the drying of hay. They are usually gable-roofed rectangular wooden structures with multiple large hay doors along both eave sides to accommodate hay wagons and drying equipment. They are usually located along a road for easy wagon access. Resembling garages, Hay Drying Sheds may be differentiated by the presence of dirt floors or dirt floors with concrete strips for hay wagon wheels or the presence of hay drying equipment inside.

Hay Drying Shed, mid-20th century, Tioga County.

Silo: A Silo is a tall cylindrical structure that holds fresh organic matter for winter animal feed. It is filled with shredded or chopped grass, corn or other plant material which ferments into a highly nutritious feed.  Silage feed resulted in a significant productivity increase for dairy cows and allowed farms to add to their herd of animals. Silos came into widespread use in the late 19th century with the rise in expanded dairying.

Early silos were rectangular and of wood construction and sometimes placed inside the barn. Round cylindrical silos located outside the barn soon became more widespread in use. Silos were filled from access doors at the top and unloaded from tier of doors   reached with a ladder so that silage could be dropped down an exterior chute. Silos were constructed of wood, occasionally of stone and more commonly of special curved brick, hollow tile, galvanized iron and interlocking rings of poured concrete. Cement staves became popular after their invention in 1903 because they were durable and allowed the silo to be a taller, perfectly round airtight cylinder for tightly packed grain.  Concrete was the most popular material for silos until the development of Harvestore glass fused to steel tank silos in the later half of the 20th century.  

 In recent years horizontal, not vertical silos have also been created in concrete lined pits covered with plastic.      

Two beveled block silos, circa 1925, and a concrete stave silo, circa 1950, Mifflinburg, Union County.

Brick silo, circa 1930, Lawrence County.

Two poured concrete ring silos (c. 1970), a concrete stave silo (c. 1950),and two tire silos (c. 2000), Highland Township, Chester County.

Buggy Shed: Buggy or Carriage Sheds can be found on Plain Sect farms to store horse carriages. They are usually sited near the farmhouse and often have an overhanging roof so that horses can be harnessed under shelter.  

Buggy/Carriage Shed, mid-20th century, Hinkletown, Lancaster County.

Carriage House: The Carriage House served to shelter horse drawn vehicles and also sometimes housed stalls and a hayloft to store feed for horses.  It is a predecessor of the family garage for the storage of automobiles and sometimes have been converted for this more modern use.  Large doors, either hinged or slider and few windows are characteristic features. A carriage house maybe hard to distinguish from other smaller scale shelters for animals or wagons.  Carriage houses are usually located on the same side of the road as the house and are often more ornamented with architectural trim than barns and other outbuildings.  

Carriage House, circa 1890, Delmar Township, Tioga County.

Dawdy Haus or Grossmutter Haus: A Dawdy Haus (house) is a common feature found on Pennsylvania German or Plain Sect farms. It is a small free standing or attached building   constructed to provide additional residential quarters for multiple generations living on the same farm. Usually intended for grandparents, "dawdy" is the Pennsylvania Dutch term for "grandpa."  Providing a separate house for aging grandparents on the farm is part of Pennsylvania German tradition. Examples of "grossmutter houses" (grandmother houses) like the one shown here date from the 19th century.  Dawdy Houses/Grossmutter Houses can be historic or more recently constructed.

Garage: Garages appeared on farms in the early 20th century with the rising popularity of motorized vehicles. Garages were typically rectangular buildings made of wood or concrete in the form of rock faced block, beveled block or cinder block. Garages have large sliding or hinged doors for vehicles and are usually sited near the farmhouse and road. Gable roofs are the most common, but hipped, pyramidal or gambrel roofs can be found as well.  Older Carriage Houses were often converted to use as Garages to accommodate the use of cars and trucks.

Frame Garage, circa 1925 – 1950, Potter Township, Centre County.

Outhouse or Privy: An Outhouse or Privy is a tall narrow building usually with a square footprint built over an excavated pit to collect human waste. Once the pit was filled, the Privy building was moved. Most Outhouses were constructed of wood frame and located to the rear of the main house. Accessed by a front façade door, Outhouses often had a vent of small window for light and ventilation. While single or double seat outhouses are most common, some farms had   had more.  As Privies were necessary everywhere prior to the development of sewer and septic systems, outhouses can be found across the state and continued to be built and used into the 20th century. Occasionally, Outhouses would be embellished with architectural trim.

Privy, circa 1945, North Annville Township, Lebanon County.

Tenant House: Some farms contain both a main farmhouse and a Tenant House to house tenant farmers who did not own land but worked for the farm owner. Tenant Houses appeared frequently on southeastern Pennsylvania farms.  Sometimes the Tenant House was occupied and owned by adult family members who worked together on the farm.   The Tenant House was often smaller and less architecturally detailed than the main farmhouse. In some cases, an older farmhouse became a tenant house when a new more elaborate main farmhouse was built.  Not all tenant farmers lived on the farm where they worked.  

Tenant House, ca. 1910-20, Hope Lodge Historic Site, Montgomery County.

Wash House: A Wash House is a small, usually rectangular, gable-roofed structure built for the heavy work of washing clothes and linens.   Wash houses have a hearth or fireplace and chimney usually at the gable end where a heavy set kettle would be placed.  Most Wash Houses are of wood frame or masonry construction and have multiple windows. Sometimes Wash Houses were also used for other tasks such as processing meats.  Thus, a Wash House is similar in utilitarian design to a summer kitchen or a butcher house.

Wash House, circa 1960, Tioga County.

Wash House interior, circa 1920, demolished 1977, Berks County. Image from the Historic American Building Survey, LOC Prints & Photo Division hhhpa0168.

Well: Unless served by a spring, farms used private wells to provide water for the farm workers and animals. Wells could be as simple as pumps located over the well opening or more elaborate with small walled and roofed well houses. The well opening was often lined with stone.

Wood Shed: A Wood Shed sheltered split cordwood for heating and cooking and was located close to the main house. In the Northern Tier, a Wood Shed was often added onto the kitchen wing of and upright and wing house.  

Woodshed, circa 1960, Lycoming County.

Worker Housing: In the early days of Pennsylvania agriculture, farm workers were usually local people hired by the day, season or year. They would live in the farmhouse or in separate housing both on and off the farm. During the twentieth century, especially during and after World War II, migrant labor became more important in some parts of the state, chiefly in the Lake Erie shore and Adams County fruit belt, the Potter and Lehigh County potato regions and scattered areas where cannery crops or tobacco were grown. These migrant workers needed housing, so rough accommodations were improvised by farm owners. Later government regulations set basic standards for migrant housing.  Most remaining examples of migrant worker housing date from no earlier than the late 20th century

Migrant quarters second floor and packing house first floor, circa 1940, Erie County.

Workshop: A Workshop is a small frame structure that could serve many purposes. Many forms of artisan craftwork could be done in such a Workshop from blacksmithing to broom making or furniture and equipment repair.  Workshops were usually located close to the road with plentiful windows to light the work space.  Some workshops have chimneys to accommodate a stove or forge and large doors to permit access for machinery or horses.

Blacksmith shop, early 20th century, Bradford County.

Combination Structure: Machine Sheds were often constructed to provide for other needed farm functions. Corn cribs were often incorporated into either end of a Machine Sheds and a drive through in the center.

Machine shed and corn crib combination, circa 1945, Columbia County.

Machine Shed with integral corn crib and shed roof extension, circa 1950, Lower Windsor Township, York County.

Machine Shed: Machine Sheds are gable roofed, rectangular buildings constructed to   house farm equipment.  Large doors to accommodate machinery are usually located along the eave side. Machine sheds date from the late 19th to mid-20th century and were most commonly built near the barn of light frame with horizontal or vertical boards.  

Machine Sheds signify the rising importance of mechanized agriculture. They are found throughout the state but are bigger and more numerous and earlier in places where there is a strong history of significant use of machinery such as in the North and West Branch and Central Limestone Valleys regions.  Mechanization changed farm labor patterns by increasing labor productivity, redistributing the gender division of work, reducing the amount of field work done by women and eliminating some communally shared work.

Machine shed with coal bin extension, circa 1950, Northumberland County.

Concrete Machine Shed, circa 1950-1970, North Cornwall Township, Lebanon County.

Shed: Shed is a term that covers many small multi-purpose buildings on a farm whose specific function cannot be specifically identified by present usage or by design features.  Farm Sheds are primarily used for storage of tools, small machines or other equipment.

Shed, West Bradford Township, Chester County, c. 1925-40.

Wagon Shed: A Wagon Shed provides shelter for tall farm machines, primarily wagons.  Developed in the 20th century, wagon sheds w ere needed due to the rise of farm mechanization. They are usually long rectangular gable roof buildings constructed of frame or concrete block.  A row of large wagon doors lines one of the eave sides.

Wagon Sheds, 20th century, Butler County.

Hog House: The Hog House or Pig Sty, Swine House, Piggery or Hog Pen is a separate building for housing hogs.  Generally, it is small low building with individual pens for each animal and openings from those pens into an outdoor yard. The feed aisle is located behind the pens and accessed by a gable end door.  Hog Houses were often located facing south on the forebay or eave side of the barn, between the barn and the house.  Sometimes the area above the hog pens was used for either a hen nesting area or for the storage of feed.

Hog Houses can be found throughout the state, but are more common in the southeast, central and western regions. This reflects the importance of hogs and corn within the context of diversified farming. In the North and West Branch region, pork production was geared to local markets. In other regions the Hog House seems to reflect more family use and limited market production. I dairy areas the Hog House was sometimes a complement to the dairying economy since hogs could be fed buttermilk or whey. Kitchen scraps and milk were often fed to the hogs with women and children responsible for the feeding.

Hog house with outside yard areas and farmer access door, circa 1930, Codorus Township, York County.

Hog House with animal door to side yard, circa 1890-1925, Windsor Township, York County.

Horse Barn: Horse barns contain box stalls for horse and a tack room for saddles, harness and equipment. Larger barns often have stalls arranged in rows with an aisle between them.  Some have extended roofs to provide shade.  Divided Dutch doors or window in each stall are another characteristic feature. Most freestanding horse barns found in Pennsylvania postdate 1960 since historically horses were stabled in a larger barn with other cattle or in a carriage house. Horse barns often appear on Plain Sect farms and on farms where horses are boarded or bred.

Horse Barn, 20th century, Tioga County.

Poultry House: Poultry Houses or Chicken Houses or Hen Houses provide shelter primarily for chickens, but less frequently for turkeys or ducks for the production of eggs or meat.  Historically they were almost always of frame construction with numerous windows across on the eave side to provide light. Small, hinged access door and ramps allow the birds to move in and out of the house.  Poultry Houses were usually located between the house and barn, especially for earlier structures.   

Over time Poultry Houses were moved farther away from the house. Perches and nesting boxes are provided inside "layer houses" for chickens producing eggs, but not in "broiler houses" for chickens raised for meat. Most remaining Poultry Houses in Pennsylvania date from no earlier than the turn of the 20th century.  Older Poultry Houses are smaller, made of wood, not concrete, and located closer to the house. They can be found in all agricultural regions of the state and there are few regional differences in design.  Other farm outbuildings are frequently converted to poultry raising and this is often visible due to the creation of new windows in buildings that previously had none located there.

The prevalence of Poultry Houses and the increase in size illustrates the rising significance of poultry in the farm economy. Even in the 19th century, flock size was well above state averages in the North and West branch Susquehanna Region and in the Northern Tier. Poultry raising was also important in the southeast and in areas with good transportation to large metropolitan areas. The Cocolamus Valley in Juniata County became known for hatcheries and poultry production in the mid-20th century. Traditionally, women tended the poultry on the farm until sometime after 1930, when poultry became a larger operation and men became more involved.  

Brooder Houses are small, almost square buildings for the hatching of chicks which were often heated by stoves evidenced by a chimney or stove pipe extending from the roof. They are located close to the farmhouse to facilitate constant tending, usually by farm women. "Peeps" or chicks would be gathered from a hatchery and cared for in the Brooder House.

Colony Houses are small, portable shelters for young, free range pullets who were not confined in a Poultry House. Very few examples of old Colony Houses remain in Pennsylvania.

Hatcheries are buildings specifically constructed to provide a warm place for the hatching of eggs into chicks.

Poultry House, circa 1935-1960, Heidelberg Township, Lehigh County.

Two-story poultry house, circa 1960-1975, Straban Township, Adams County.

Brooder House for the hatching of chicks, circa 1950, Columbia County.

Sheep Barn: Sheep barns are tall narrow two-story wood shelters for sheep with regularly spaced small (often square) side windows. A hay hood and hay door are often found in the upper gable end.  They are almost always gable roofed and built of wood timber or balloon framing, often atop a stone foundation. The ground floor has open space or large pens with feeding troughs and dirt floors. Usually located away from the farmstead and near pastures, Sheep Barns are most often found in Washington and Greene Counties where sheep raising was an important industry from about 1850 to 1940. and to a lesser degree Mercer and Lawrence Counties.

Sheep Barn, circa 1890, Washington County.

Greenhouse: A Greenhouse is a structure with glass or clear plastic walls and roof in which seeds are germinated and grown. Green houses can be found wherever commercial nursery or cannery business operate.  They also serve businesses which sell directly to home growers. Historically they were often located close to urban areas to serve truck farmers.  Some cannery owners in the Adams County fruit belt raise their own tomato plants to distribute to growers.

Greenhouse, Butler County.

Maple Sugar House: A Maple Sugar House is a specialized building where sap from the sugar maple tree (acer saccharum) was collected, boiled down and formed into either maple sugar or maple syrup. Typically, a Maple Sugar House is located near the grove of maple sugar trees and of frame, one-story construction with a high smokestack to vent the boiling apparatus.  The smokestack was often incorporated into an open gable roof clerestory. Maple sugar was an important product in the Northern Tier and Northwest and in Somerset County in the 19th century.  

Maple Sugar House.

Packing House or Packing Barn: Packing Houses or Packing Barns provide work space for the sorting and packing of fruit.  Present in fruit producing areas, the most common form is a two-story, gable roofed, frame building with ample windows located near the roadway.  Platforms for delivering fruit from wagons are also an important feature. Large doorways with either sliding or hinged doors admitted wagons piled high with fruit containers.  Special tables allowed workers a place to sort fruit by size and quality and pack it into containers for sale.  Filled fruit containers were then loaded onto fruit wagons or trucks for transport.  The upper floor of the building was sometimes used to store empty packing containers or provide worker housing.  Most examples can be found in the Lake Erie grape region and the Adams County fruit belt.

Apple Packing House, circa 1930, Adams County.

Packing Barn, mid-20th century, Erie County.

Roadside Stand: In the 1920s and 1930s, the use of automobiles brought customers to the farm gate. Enterprising growers responded by developing Roadside Stands to sell their produce directly to consumers.  Roadside Stands were especially popular in the fruit raising regions but can be found all over the state. They are generally unheated one-story, frame structures, built along well travelled roadways with ample parking and turnaround facilities. Sometimes they have hinged boarded windows which can be opened out to provide a display shelf. An extended porch- like open area under the roof can be filled with portable shelves.

Roadside Stand, mid-20th century, Adams County.

Scale House:  A Scale House or Scale Shed provides a facility for weighing individual animals. These buildings tend to be relatively small and built of frame with a gable roof. Large animal doors at both ends of the building allowed animals to enter and exit more easily after weighing. An aisle for the animal handler could be accessed by a side door.

Scale House, circa 1925, Greene County.

Spray Shed:  Spray Sheds are small structures which house materials and facilities for mixing herbicide, pesticide or fungicide sprays. They are generally found in fruit growing areas and sometimes in truck farming regions.

Spray Shed, circa 1940-1960, Adams County.